The Great Ocean Road is a 243-kilometer stretch of road that winds along the southeastern coast of Australia. It is known as one of the most picturesque drives in the world, offering stunning views of the ocean and dramatic cliffs. This iconic road is not only a popular tourist destination, but it also holds great historical and cultural significance for the country. In this blog post, we will delve into the history of the Great Ocean Road, explore its scenic viewpoints, wildlife and nature, activities and attractions, local culture, and preservation efforts. So buckle up and join us on a virtual road trip along the Great Ocean Road.
Introduction to the Great Ocean Road
The Great Ocean Road was built after World War I as a memorial to soldiers who lost their lives during the war. It was constructed by returned soldiers using mostly manual labor, making it the world’s largest war memorial. The project took over 13 years to complete and was officially opened in 1932. Today, it is still considered an engineering marvel due to its challenging terrain and rugged coastline.
The road starts at Torquay, a seaside town famous for its surfing beaches, and ends at Allansford, near Warrnambool. Along the way, it passes through various towns and landmarks, including Lorne, Apollo Bay, Port Campbell, and the Twelve Apostles. The journey can be completed in one day, but it is recommended to take at least two to three days to fully experience all the sights and activities along the way.
History of the Great Ocean Road
The idea for the Great Ocean Road originated in the early 1900s when the residents of the remote coastal towns in Victoria were struggling with transport and communication links. At the same time, many returned soldiers were looking for employment opportunities. These factors led to the formation of the Great Ocean Road Trust, which was responsible for the construction and maintenance of the road.
Construction began in September 1919, with the aim to connect the various coastal towns and provide access to some of the most secluded parts of the coastline. The work was carried out using manual labor, with soldiers being paid three shillings and sixpence per day. The project faced numerous challenges, including rough terrain, limited resources, and unfavorable weather conditions. Despite these obstacles, the road was finally completed in 1932 and officially opened by Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester.
Since its completion, the Great Ocean Road has become a popular tourist attraction, bringing economic benefits to the region and preserving the memories of the soldiers who built it.
The Great Ocean Road Memorial Arch
One of the most iconic landmarks along the Great Ocean Road is the Memorial Arch, located near Eastern View. It was erected in 1939 to honor the returned soldiers who built the road. The arch features a large inscription that reads “Great Ocean Road” on one side and “Lest We Forget” on the other. It also includes the names of the major contributors to the project and the year of its construction. Today, tourists often stop at the Memorial Arch to take photos and pay their respects to the soldiers.
The Shipwreck Coast
The Shipwreck Coast is a treacherous stretch of coastline between Cape Otway and Port Fairy, where over 600 ships have been wrecked due to unpredictable weather conditions and rocky shores. Before the construction of the Great Ocean Road, this area was only accessible by sea. However, with the road’s completion, it became easier to reach and played a significant role in boosting trade and tourism in the region.
Today, visitors can explore the Shipwreck Coast by taking a helicopter ride or joining a boat tour. Some of the famous shipwrecks to see include the Loch Ard, which sank in 1878, and the Schomberg, which sank in 1855. These shipwrecks serve as a reminder of the Great Ocean Road’s treacherous history and add to its allure.
Scenic viewpoints along the road
The Great Ocean Road is renowned for its scenic viewpoints that offer breathtaking views of the ocean, beaches, and cliffs. Here are some must-visit stops along the road:
The Twelve Apostles
The Twelve Apostles are perhaps the most famous attraction on the Great Ocean Road. These limestone stacks rise up to 45 meters from the Southern Ocean, creating a stunning sight. Despite the name, there are only eight remaining apostles, with one collapsing in 2005. However, this does not take away from their beauty and grandeur, making it a must-see for anyone traveling along the road.
Visitors can view the Twelve Apostles from the designated viewing platforms or take a helicopter ride for a more aerial perspective. There are also walking trails that lead down to the beach, allowing visitors to get up close and personal with these iconic formations.
Loch Ard Gorge
Located just a short drive from the Twelve Apostles, Loch Ard Gorge is another popular stop along the Great Ocean Road. It is named after the clipper ship Loch Ard, which ran aground in 1878, resulting in one of Australia’s most tragic maritime disasters. Visitors can learn about the story of the Loch Ard at the nearby interpretive center before taking a stroll along the gorge’s beaches and admiring the towering cliffs.
London Arch (formerly London Bridge)
London Arch, formerly known as London Bridge, is a natural arch formation that was once connected to the mainland. In 1990, part of the bridge collapsed, leaving two tourists stranded on the remaining section until they were rescued by helicopter. Today, visitors can admire this unique formation and take in the stunning views of the ocean.
Gibson Steps
For a different perspective of the Twelve Apostles, visitors can stop at Gibson Steps, located just a 10-minute drive away. These steps lead down to the beach, giving visitors an up-close view of the towering cliffs and apostles. It is also a great spot for some beachcombing and photography.
Wildlife and nature along the coast
The Great Ocean Road is not only known for its stunning views but also for its abundant wildlife and natural attractions. Here are some of the animals and plants you may encounter along the way:
Koalas
Koalas are one of Australia’s most beloved animals, and luckily, they can be spotted in the eucalyptus forests along the Great Ocean Road. The best place to see koalas is at Kennett River, where they can often be seen lounging in the trees or crossing the road. Visitors are advised to be respectful and keep a safe distance from these wild animals.
Penguins
At sunset, visitors can head to the Penguin Parade in Phillip Island to witness the world’s smallest penguins waddling ashore after a day of fishing. This is a must-see experience for nature lovers, as it offers a rare opportunity to observe these adorable creatures in their natural habitat.
Whale Watching
Between June and October, humpback whales and southern right whales can be seen migrating along the coast. The best spots for whale watching include Logan’s Beach in Warrnambool and Cape Otway. Visitors can also join a whale watching tour for a closer look at these majestic creatures.
The Otway Rainforest
The Otway Rainforest is a temperate rainforest that covers over 100,000 hectares and is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna. Visitors can explore this lush forest by taking a guided walk or embarking on a zip-line adventure through the treetops. It is also a great spot for bird watching and spotting native animals like wallabies, kangaroos, and echidnas.
Activities and attractions for tourists
Aside from scenic viewpoints and wildlife encounters, the Great Ocean Road offers a variety of activities and attractions for tourists to enjoy. Here are some of the must-try experiences along the road:
Surfing
The Great Ocean Road is a world-renowned surfing destination, attracting both beginners and experienced surfers. With its long stretches of sandy beaches and consistent waves, it offers the perfect conditions for surfing. Some popular spots for surfing include Bells Beach, Torquay, and Apollo Bay.
Sea kayaking
For a more adventurous way to explore the coast, visitors can take a sea kayaking tour. This allows you to get up close to the cliffs, rock formations, and marine life while getting some exercise in the process. There are various guided tours available, catering to all levels of experience.
Food and wine tasting
The Great Ocean Road is not just about stunning views; it also boasts a thriving food and wine scene. Visitors can stop at various wineries and breweries along the way to sample some of Australia’s finest products. There are also plenty of local restaurants and cafes serving up fresh seafood and other regional delicacies.
Local culture and communities
The towns and communities along the Great Ocean Road offer a unique insight into the local culture and way of life. Here are some places worth visiting to get a taste of the coastal lifestyle:
Port Fairy
Port Fairy is a charming fishing village that has retained much of its 19th-century architecture, making it a popular destination for history buffs. Visitors can wander through the streets, browse the local shops, and dine at some of the town’s renowned seafood restaurants.
Lorne
Lorne is a popular holiday destination, offering beautiful beaches, bushland, and waterfalls. Visitors can explore the town’s art galleries, boutiques, and cafes or take a scenic drive to nearby natural attractions such as Erskine Falls and Teddy’s Lookout.
Apollo Bay
Apollo Bay is a picturesque seaside town that serves as the gateway to the Otway National Park. It is also known for its fresh seafood, with many restaurants serving up delicious dishes using locally caught fish and other seafood.
Preservation and conservation efforts
The Great Ocean Road is not only a beautiful destination but also an important ecosystem that requires protection and preservation. Various organizations and initiatives are working towards maintaining the road’s natural beauty and cultural significance.
One of these initiatives is the Great Ocean Road Coast Committee, which is responsible for managing the coastline and ensuring sustainable use of its resources. They work closely with local communities and volunteers to run various conservation projects, including planting indigenous plants, protecting wildlife habitats, and promoting sustainable tourism practices.
Visitors can also contribute to preservation efforts by being respectful of the environment and following designated walking and driving trails. It is essential to avoid littering and to take any trash with you when leaving the area.
Conclusion and recommendations for visitors
In conclusion, the Great Ocean Road offers a perfect blend of stunning landscapes, rich history, and unique experiences. Whether you are a nature lover, adventure seeker, or culture enthusiast, there is something for everyone along this iconic coastal drive. Our top recommendations for visitors would be to take your time and explore all the stops along the way, interact with the locals, and respect the environment. The Great Ocean Road truly is a marvel that should be experienced by all who visit Australia.
